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文章目录:

中国古代四大发明和四大诗人是?

四大发明:造纸,火药,指南针,印刷术

(1)纸发明于西汉前期。东汉时,蔡伦改进了造纸术。

(2)隋唐时,我国已有雕版印刷品。北宋毕升发明活字印刷术。

(3)战国时,我国制成了能指示方向的“司南渗凳”。后来又制成指南针,北宋时开始用于航海。

(4)火药是我国古拍冲代炼丹家发明。宋元时袭喊歼期,火药在军事上广泛使用。

四大诗人(唐):李白 杜甫 白居易 王维

希望魔盒是谁创造的?

1、潘多拉盒子

潘多拉的魔盒,又称潘多拉盒子,潘多拉匣子,这是一则古希腊经典神话。

潘多拉被创造之後,宙斯就命令赫尔墨斯把她带给普罗米修斯(Prometheus)的弟弟“后觉者”埃庇腔困米修斯(Epimetheus)。因为他知道普罗米修斯(意为:先知先觉)不会接受他送的礼物,所以一开始就送给了埃庇米修斯(意为:后知后觉,普罗米修斯的胞弟)。埃庇米修斯生性愚钝,再加上潘多拉的美貌与诱惑,就接受了她。

潘多拉是宙斯让赫淮斯托斯用黏土做成的第一个人类女人,其用意在于报复普罗米修斯造人以及盗取火种之事。

众神听从宙斯命令各给了女人一份礼物:阿佛洛狄忒(Aphrodite)为她淋上令男人疯狂的激素;赫拉赐予她好奇心(curiosity),女神雅典娜(Athena)给了她无知(not wisdom),并教女人织布,制造出各颜各色的美丽衣织,使女人看来更加鲜艳迷人;神的使者赫尔墨斯(Hermes)传授她语言的天赋,即说谎的天赋(the ability to telling lies);宙斯赐给了这个女性名字“潘多拉(Pandora)”。(在古希腊语中,Pandora含有“all-gifted”-“because all the Olympians gave her a gift”(具有一切天赋之意),所以“潘多拉”即为“拥有一切天赋的女人”。)

潘多拉于是和埃庇米修斯生活在一起。不久后,普罗米修斯带给埃庇米修斯一个大盒子,并反复叮嘱他一定不能打开,但潘多拉是一个好奇心很重的女人,普罗米修斯的反复叮嘱使她产生了打开盒子的欲望,她想:“普通的一个盒子何必藏得这么隐密?而且又盖得这么紧,到底为什么呢?”趁埃庇米修斯外出时,潘多拉悄悄打开了盒子,结果里面并没有潘多拉所期待的东西,而是无数的灾祸虫害。在潘多拉打开盒子以前,人类没有任何灾祸,生活宁静,那是因为所有的病毒恶疾都被关在盒中,人类才能免受折磨。由于潘多拉的好奇,灾难与瘟疫逃出来,从那时起,灾难们日日夜夜、处处为害人类,使人类受苦。

在慌乱与害怕中,潘多拉悄悄地关上了盒子,结果留下盒子中唯一美好的东西——希望。因此,即使人类不断地受苦、被生活折磨,但是心中总是留有可贵的希望,才能自我激励。在死亡以前,希望永远存在,人生也绝对充满了美好的希望。

2、天神乌拉诺斯

相传盖亚在太阳自东方升起时许下诺言:要将希望的种子植入每一个在地球上出生的生命。混沌于是赐予大地(盖亚)乌拉诺斯,代表第一个希望。

乌拉诺斯是盖亚的受造物,也是盖亚的丈夫和十二泰坦神(Titans)、三个独眼巨人(Cyclopes)与三个百臂巨人(Hekatonchires)的父亲。乌拉诺斯和盖亚生了六男六女,就是泰坦神。这种婚姻关系可能反映了希腊远古时期贵十二泰坦族中的一种风俗。

他是躺着的,躺卧在生下他的大地身上,他们完全叠合。每一块土地都有一片天空粘在皮肤上。

原始的乌拉诺斯除了性交之外什么都不做。

盖亚和奸诈的克洛诺斯制定了一个极其狡诈的计划。为了实施该计划,她在自己体内用白钢制作了一把工具,这是一个弯刀状的东西。她把这柄弯刀放在小克罗诺斯的手中。他在母亲的肚子里,在乌拉诺斯和她交合的地方,埋伏着、窥伺着机会。

紧接着,为了避免自己的行为可伍镇念能带来的麻烦,他顺势把乌拉诺斯的生殖器往上扔了出去。许多血从这个割断后被抛出的器官滴到地球上,而那个生殖器却被抛得很远很远,一直落到爱琴海浪里。从掀起的海浪泡沫中诞生了阿弗洛狄忒(Aphrodite)。乌拉诺斯的精血溅飞在盖亚身上,使盖亚独自孕育了怪物巨人族(Giants)、复仇三女神厄里尼厄斯(Erinyes)和白橡树三神女墨利埃(Melia)。

乌拉诺斯呢,在自己被阉割的那一瞬间,疼痛得吼叫一声,轰然与盖亚分离,从此永远固定在世界的最高处,再也不能动弹。乌拉诺斯的身体同盖亚同样高大,有多少块土地就有多少块天空,当我们仰头望时,头顶是同样大的一块天。

接着克洛诺斯从盖亚体内救出了十一位哥哥姐姐,但独眼巨人和百臂巨人仍被关在盖亚体内,他们推举克洛诺斯为神王,但乌拉诺斯对克洛诺斯诅咒:克洛诺斯也会被自己的孩子推翻。旅改

另一说,乌拉诺斯把自己的孩子独目巨人和百臂巨人打入塔尔塔罗斯,受难的孩子呻吟不已,盖亚深感痛苦,所以请求其他的儿子起来反抗他们的父亲,搭救自己的兄弟。但他们都不敢,只有最小的克洛诺斯敢于起来反抗父亲。盖亚给他一把镰刀,让他埋伏起来,当乌拉诺斯和盖亚同床时,克洛诺斯用镰刀把他的生殖器砍下来,扔入大海,形成浪花从中生出阿弗洛狄忒。乌拉诺斯伤口流出的血,生出复仇女神厄里尼厄斯和巨灵。这则神话解释了天与地的分离。

根据狄俄多儒斯的说法,乌拉诺斯是居住在大洋河岸边的阿特兰特人的第一代国王。他是第一个教给本族人民文明和文化知识的人,他本人有渊博的天文知识,根据星体的运动他制出第一个日历并预告今后世界上将要发生的重大事件。他死后被尊奉为神,逐渐与天空等同,成为第一位天神。在这一传说中,乌拉诺斯共有45个子女,其中有18个是泰坦(Titae,前称为盖亚)生的。这18个子女由他们的母亲的名字得名为泰坦神(Titan)。乌拉诺斯的女儿是忒亚、希比丽、瑞亚。忒亚长得非常美丽,她继承乌拉诺斯的王位,嫁给她的兄弟许珀里翁,生下了赫利俄斯和塞勒涅。

赫西俄德还说到乌拉诺斯曾作出两项预言,一是警告克洛诺斯将来会被自己的一个子女推翻;二是对宙斯说他和忒提斯将生一个比他更强有力的子女。

3、月桂树

顽皮的小爱神厄洛斯(罗马名丘比特)由于遭到阿波罗的嘲笑,决心向阿波罗展示一下自己的弓箭的威力。他在空中飞来飞去,笑嘻嘻地取出一支铅头小箭向珀涅俄斯河的仙女达芙妮(Daphne)射去;然后,他又取出一支金箭,射中了阿波罗。铅箭令人厌恶爱情,金箭却能使人燃起爱火。阿波罗热烈地爱上了达佛妮,而与此同时,达芙妮却以爱情为耻,并请求父亲河神珀涅俄斯答应她以处女终身。

阿波罗望见达芙妮,立即向她飞奔过去,而达芙妮却惊慌地逃开。太阳神一边追逐,一边喃喃地向她倾诉着自己的爱慕之情,但这只能让达佛妮更加恐惧。就这样,一个追,一个逃,越过了许多山川和田野。渐渐地,达佛妮没有力气了,她觉得自己透不过气来——阿波罗的脚步声就在耳畔,她甚至可以感觉到他的呼吸。达佛妮绝望地向父亲求助:“请帮助我,父亲!大地啊,裂开了吞我进去吧!”话音刚落,她就开始变得僵硬:身体成为树干,金发伸展成为树叶,双臂变成树枝,能奔善跑的双足如今生出了根须,她的头遮蔽在浓荫之中,遗存的只有她的美与洁净。

达佛妮虽然成了树,阿波罗仍然很喜欢她,他拥抱着树干,树叶沙沙地颤抖着。“你将成为我的树,”他说,“你将终年长青,成为胜利者的荣冠。”从此,阿波罗将月桂树尊为他的圣树,他的发上,琴上和箭袋上总是饰以桂树的枝叶。每年,他所挑选出的全希腊最优秀的诗人也被赐予桂枝做的花冠以示荣耀。这就是“桂冠诗人”(Poet Laureate)的由来。

英语是谁发明的

ORIGIN OF ENGLISH(当然是英国人发明的啦,欲知详情,请看下文,但我宁愿相信一门语言不是哪个人想发明就能发明出来的,大家觉得呢?)

We speak English but do we know where it comes from? I didn’t know until I started to study on this subject and I learned where it comes from and how it has developed.

The history of English begins a little after A.D. 600. The ancestors of the language were wandering in the forests of northern Europe. Their language was a part of Germanic branch of Indo-European Family.

The people talking this language spread to the northern coast of Europe in the time of Roman Empire. Among this people the tribes called Angels,Saxons,Jutes which is called Anglo-Saxons come to England. The first Latin effect was in that period. Latin effected the language with the merchants traveling the tribes. Some of the words taken from Latin are; kettle,wine,cheese, butter, cheap.

Also in the 14th century Rome Empire weakened because Goths attacked to Mediterranean countries of Roman Empire and Anglo-Saxons attacked to empire. On the other hand the Celtic tribes in Scotland and Wales developed. At the end in 410 the last roman emperor left the island to Celtic and Anglo-Saxons. Celtic and Anglo-Saxons fought for 100 years and Anglo-Saxons killed all the Celtics. In 550 Anglo –Saxons established England. During Roma Empire Latin wasn’t the native language of the kingdom because people in the country were talking Celtic.

When Anglo-Saxons became Christian in 597 they learned Latin. According to the effects to English , the history of the language divided in to three; Old English(7th century-1100), Middle English(1100-1450/1500), Modern English (1500-now). In some books Modern English is divided in to two Early modern (1500-1700) ,Late Modern (1700-now).

OLD ENGLISH

When England was established there were several kingdoms and the most advanced one was Nurthumbria. It was this period that the best of the Old English literature was written , including the epic poem Beowulf.

In the 8th century Nurthumbrian power declined , West Saxons became the leading power. The most famous king of the West Saxons was Alfred the Great. He founded and established schools, translated or caused to be translated many books from Latin in to English.

After many years of hit-and-run raids between the European kingdoms, the Norseman landed in the year of 866 and later the east coast of the island was Norseman’s. Norse language effected the English considerably. Norse wasn’t so different from English and English people could understand Norseman. There were considerable interchanges and word borrowings (sky,give,law,egg,outlaw,leg,ugly,talk). Also borrowed pronouns like they,their,them. It is supposed also that the Norseman influenced the sound structure and the grammar of English.

Old English had some sound which we don’t know have now. In grammar , Old English was much more highly inflected that Middle English because there were case endings for nouns, more person and number endings of words and a more complicated pronoun systems, various endings for adjectives. In vocabulary Old English is quiet different from Middle English. Most of the Old English words are native English which weren’t borrowed from other languages. On the other hand Old English contains borrowed words coming from Norse and Latin.

MIDDLE ENGLISH

Between 1100-1200 many important changes took place in the structure of English and Old English became Middle English. The political event which effected the administration system and language was the Norman Conquest. In 1066 they crossed the Channel and they became the master of England. For the next several next years ,England was ruled by the kings whose native language was French. On the other hand French couldn’t become the national language because it became the language of the court , nobility, polite society, literature. But it didn’t replace as the language of the people. English continued to be the national language but it changed too much after the conquest.

The sound systemgrammar wasn’t so effected but vocabulary was effected much. There were word related with goverment:parliment,tax, goverment,majesty; church word: religion, parson, sermon; words for food: veal, beef, mutton, peach,lemon,cream,biscuit; colors: blue, scarlet, vermilion; household words: curtain, chair,lamp,towel,blanket; play words: dance,chess,music,leisure,conversation; literary words: story romance, poet, literary; learned words: study, logic grammar,noun,surgeon, anatomy, stomach; ordinary words for all sorts: nice,second,very,age,bucket, final,gentel, fault, flower,count,sure, move, surprise, plain. (Clark, V.P. Eschholz, P.A. Rose ,A.F.; 1994;622 )

Middle English was still a Germanic language but it is different from Old English in many ways. Grammar and the sound system changed a good deal. People started to rely more on word order and structure words to express their meaning rather than the use of case system. “This can be called as a simplification but it is not exactly. Languages don’t become simpler , they merely exchange one kind of complexity for another”( (Clark, V.P. Eschholz, P.A. Rose ,A.F.; 1994;622 )

For us Middle English is simpler that Old English because it is closer to Modern English.

EARLY MODERN ENGLISH

Between 1400-1600 English underwent a couple of sound changes. One change was the elimination of a vowel sound in certain unstressed positions at the end of the words. The change was important because it effected thousands of words and gave a different aspect to the whole language.

The other change is what is called the Great Vowel Shift. This was a systematic shifting of half a dozen vowels and diphthongs in stressed syllables. For example the word name had in Middle English a vowel something like that in the modern word father;...etc. The shift effected all the words in which these vowels sounds occurred. These two changes produced the basic differences between Middle English and Modern English. But there are several other developments that effected the language. One was the invention of printing. It was introduced to England by William Caxton in 1475. After this books became cheaper and cheaper, more people learned to read and write and advanced in communication.

The period of Early Modern English was also a period of English Renaissance, which means the development of the people. New ideas increased. English language had grown as a result of borrowing words from French ,Latin, Greek.

The greatest writer of the Early Modern English period is Shakespeare and the best known book is the King Jones version of the BIBLE.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

In order to establish the language they develop a dictionary. The first English Dictionary was published in 1603. Another product of the 18th century was the invention of English Grammar. As English is replaced with Latin as the language of scholarship, it was felt to control the language.

The period where English developed most in the Modern English. In that period the people speaking that language increased too much. Now, English is the greatest language of the world spoken natively and as a second language. What will happen in the future? It’ll continue to grow , may be it will be the universal language.

Adapted from "A Brief History of English" by Paul Roberts

我国最早的伟大诗人是什么他创造的新诗体叫

我国最早的伟大诗人是【屈原】,他创造的新诗体叫【楚辞】。

求英国16世纪的托马斯的资料

托马斯·克伦威尔(1485—1540)是英国近代社会转型时期杰出的政治家,英王亨利八世的首席国务大臣。16世纪30年代,他全面主持英国政府事务。在他的影响和操纵下,英国推行宗教改革,进行“政府革命”。他既解决了中古西欧持久难决的教俗权力之争,建立起国逗消家的外部主权,又加强了中央集权,确立了国王在疆域内的最高权威。他众多而经久的行政改革为“治理他着手缔造的新国家提供了整套机构。他在这一方面也和其他多方宴指锋面一样,证明他既富于远见卓识,也善于具体操作,这里他再次充分显示了一位富有建设性的政治家的风晌晌度,是罕见其匹的”[1] (P184)。克伦威尔所倡导的改革,代表了新贵族和新兴资产阶级的利益。他努力排除外力干涉来建立具有独立主权的新型君主制国家,并为英国确立了一套行政机构,奠定了英国政治的基础。因此,克伦威尔在英国向近代国家过渡中做出了卓越的贡献。

creat与invent有啥区别

invent意思是发明~~发明电灯电话等~~~是特指那种科学上的~~或者生产上的事物~~宇宙肯定不能说是被谁发明出来的啊

create是创造~~~像造句啊~~像盘古开天辟地,耶和华造人这些都要用这个词~~

另外金山上有区别这几个词的意思:我怕说不清楚就粘贴来给你参考

create指“有目的地把原材料制成新产品”; 也指“ 创造出原来不存在或与众不同的事物”, 如:

We've created a beautiful new building from out of an old ruin.

我们从废墟上创建了一幢漂亮的新楼。

compose 指“ 创作(诗、画、音乐或文章等)”, 如:

The poet composed a new poem.

这位诗人创作了一首新诗。

design 指“制作某物之前深思熟虑地构思”, 如:

It was he that designed the garden.

这个花园明禅是他设计的。

invent指“通过想象、研究、劳动, 创造出前所未有的东西”, 尤指“科技上的发明创造”, 如:

Edison invented the light bulb.

爱迪生发明了电灯炮。

make是最常用词, 指“用劳动地任何制造、生产、形成或组成”, 如:

All kinds of precision machine tools are made in this factory.

这家工厂圆槐誉制造各种精密机床。

produce指“通过劳动加工而生产产品”, 尤指“工农业产品”, 如:

We must produce more food for ourselves and import less.

我们必须增产橘段食品, 减少进口。

综上就是 baike.aiufida.com 小编关于poet是谁发明的的知识的个人见解,如果能够提供给您解决问题时的帮助,您可以在评论区留言点赞哟。

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